Verify Agric obj
1-10) BAACABAEAA
11-20) CDCCCABDBB
21-30) BBECCDCAEA
31-40) ABEBBCEAAD
41-50) EEACEEEDCD
51-60) AECDAEECDB
1a) commercial agricultural is a type of agriculture which is
concerned with the production of food,animal and cah crops
in large
quantities of sales. It involvess the cultivations of large
hectares
of land, huge investment of capital, the use of hired labour
and the
use of agro-chemicals
1b)
* They assist in rural development by providing social
amenities like,
road,water supply,health centers.
* They carry out research to improve or develop new crops
varieties
* The carry out research to improve or develop breeds of
animals
* Provision of financial support for agricultural extension
project
* Improvement of farmer awarness and agricultural
knowledge
1c)
- Construction of new feeder roads to open up the rural areas
- Construction of wider ways to link up the river in areas
- Construction of railways to connect rural area to the urban
centers
1cii)
- it prevent fragmentation of land since land aquired under
the decree
cannot be shared into bit
- it has facilitated borrowing of capital for further investment
in agriculture
- it has reduce in the number and frequency of court case
over land ownership
- it made land acquisition relatively easier for new entrant
into agriculture
3a)weathering can be defined as the breakdown of rock into
tiny
pieces to form soil
.
3b)
1. planting cover crops:cover crops help to provide
shade,prevent
erosion and add more nutrients to the soil.
2. application of compost manure:it help to blind the sand
particles
together and also add more nutrients to the soil.
3. application of farmyard manure:this will add nutrients and
also
improve the structure of the soil.
4. mulching the soil:mulching sandy soil prevent water loss
through evaporation and nutrient loss by water erosion.
3c)
1.it determines the level of fertility of the soil.
2.a good soil structure support aeration.
3.it also prevent erosion and wodertogging.
4.a good soil structure has a good water retaining capacity.
5.it also supports the growth of crops.
3d)
1.limestone-cacos
2.slakedlime-ca(OH)2 3.quicklime-cao
4.calcium bicabonate-ca(HCO3)2
5.gypsum-caso42H20
5a)
1.aphids
2.cohoonstriners
3.mealy bugs
5b)
- 1.maize-(1)dentmaize(2)flourcorn
- 2.citrus-(1)sweet orange(2)sour orange
- 3.yam-(1)droscoren rotundata-white yam(2)dioscorea alata-
water
yam
5ci)
* taungga system is the planting of both food crops and forest
trees
on the same piece of land
5ii)
- 1.the prohibition of bush burning
- 2.ban of indiscriminate culting of timbertrees
- 3.encouraging people to plant trees
6ai.
i. Mass selection: crop plant are selected or rejected on d
basis of their own performance or merit.
ii. Pure line selection: this type of selection in which only one
crop plant with good characteristics
6aii).
Dominant character: this is a trait or character that is
expressed in an offspring when two individuals with
contrasting characters or traits are crossed. Dominant genes
on the other hand are genes which control dominant
characters. For instance, in a very tall plant, there may be the
gene for shortness but the gene has no influence on the gene
for tallness.
6aiii.
i. Proper timing of plant
ii. Adoption of better cultivation methods
iii. Use of manures and fertilizers
iv. Control of pests of crops
v. Use of resistant varieties
vi. Use of good crop varieties.
6bi.Cassava mosaic disease
i.Causual Organism
virus.
ii.3 Symptoms
1. Stunted growth.
2. Vein clearing
3. Distortion of leaves and stems
iii.2 Preventive and control Measures
1. Uproot and burn infected plants
2. Farm sanitation
7ai) animal improvement is the
improvement in production efficiency by genetic means,
principally by selection and cross- breeding, to a less extent
by inbreeding, all facilitated by artificial insemination and
embryo transfer.
7aii)
Six Aims Of Animal Improvement
i. To produce animals that can give high yield or products in
form of
meat,egg,milk,etc.
ii. To produce animals that can provide high quality of
products such
as,low back-fat thickness,yolk size,shell hardness,etc.
iii. To produce animals with high feed conversion efficiency.
iv. To produce animals with high growth rate.
v. To produce animals with early maturity.
vi. To produce animals which can adapt to climaic
(enviromental) conditions.
7b.
Effects of feed shortages in animal production.
i. It leads to low birth weight
ii. It result in poor reproduction or late maturity
iii. Draft animals become weak and unable to work
iv. There is slow growth rate of livestock
v. It also leads to increased susceptibility to diseases
7c)
Conditions Neccesary For Siting a Fish Pond.
i. Vegetation of d area: low vegetation, especially grasslands
are
preffered. Woody suites are not suitable because clearing and
stumping
will greatly increase the cost of setting up the fish pond.
ii. Topography: the shape of the land should allow for easy
draining
and filling of pond with water.
iii. Soil structure: soil structure in the area must be fertile so
as
to supply nutrients to the fish. E.g. Clay soil
8ai)
disease can be defined as any forms of abnormality in the
functions of the tissues,organs of system of the animal body.
8aii)
1.heaalth status of the animal:animals with poor health stand
the
rist of getting infected with diseases faster than animals with
good
health
2.nutrition:animals which are poorly feed are easily infected
with
diseases than animals that are well feed with balanced diet
3.sanitation:-poor sanitation,including dirty environment
could
predispose animals to diseases
4.breeds of animals:poor breeds of animals are in position to
get
infected with disease than good breeds
5.unfavourable climate conditions:extremes of
temperature,winds,rainfall e.t.c do predispose farm animals to
diseases
8b)
1 animal are culled because of disease
2. failure to reproduce
3. undesirable breed type
4. animals may be culled because of age
5. inherited defects.
6. they may be culled because of death
8c)
1. it maximizes the used of land
2. it maximizes the used of labour
3. birds are protected from harsh weather condition.
9a)
1. Inadequate transportation system: lack of vehicles and bad
road
prevent easy transportation of food items from rural to urban
areas.
2. Small scale production: production is in s:all scale because
peasant farmers produce very little output
.3. Inadequate market infrastructure: infrastructure such as
electricity, pipe borne water, telephone e.t.c which can
promote good
marketing are inadequate
.4.Inadequate storage facilities: most produce are wasted due
to lack
of storage facilities.
9b)
1. planning finances and production to maintain farm
progress against
budget parameters
2. practical activities, e.g. driving tractors, operating
machinery,
feeding livestock, spraying fields, etc
3. marketing the farm’s products
4. buying supplies, such as fertiliser and seeds
5. arranging the maintenance and repair of farm buildings,
machinery
and equipment
6. planning activities for trainee staff, mentoring and
monitoring them
7. maintaining and monitoring the quality of yield, whether
livestock or crops
8. understanding the implications of the weather and making
contingency plans
9. making sure that products are ready for deadlines, such as
auctions
and markets.
10a)
Agricultural extension is a proccess whereby modern farming
techniques
and research findings are taken to the farmers through
extension
workers and,problems of the farmers are taken to research
institutions
for solution.
10b)
i. Innovators: innovators are farmers who introduce changes
or new
ideas of farming into a new area. Such ideas may reach the
innovators
through the extension agents,mass media,or they might have
seen it
done in another place.
ii. Early Adopters: Early adopters is the second group that
comes in
immediately after the innovators. Depending on a number of
factors as
discussed above,the percentage of early adopters may be be
high or
low.
iii. Late adopters: are the third group of farmers that can
accept new
ideas and techniques. In Most Cases,the number or
percentage of late
adopters is ussually very high.
10ci)
Importance Of Profit and loss account in Agricultural
Economics.
i. It helps to detect if the farm enterprise is making profits or
losses.
ii. It helps to determine the overall performance of the farm at
the
end of the accounting period.
iii. It aids future planning of the farm for better results.
10cii)
Five Sources Of Farm Finance.
i. Agricultural Bank
ii. Commercial Bank
iii.Thrift and saving society
iv. Money Lenders
v. Cooperative societies
1-10) BAACABAEAA
11-20) CDCCCABDBB
21-30) BBECCDCAEA
31-40) ABEBBCEAAD
41-50) EEACEEEDCD
51-60) AECDAEECDB
1a) commercial agricultural is a type of agriculture which is
concerned with the production of food,animal and cah crops
in large
quantities of sales. It involvess the cultivations of large
hectares
of land, huge investment of capital, the use of hired labour
and the
use of agro-chemicals
1b)
* They assist in rural development by providing social
amenities like,
road,water supply,health centers.
* They carry out research to improve or develop new crops
varieties
* The carry out research to improve or develop breeds of
animals
* Provision of financial support for agricultural extension
project
* Improvement of farmer awarness and agricultural
knowledge
1c)
- Construction of new feeder roads to open up the rural areas
- Construction of wider ways to link up the river in areas
- Construction of railways to connect rural area to the urban
centers
1cii)
- it prevent fragmentation of land since land aquired under
the decree
cannot be shared into bit
- it has facilitated borrowing of capital for further investment
in agriculture
- it has reduce in the number and frequency of court case
over land ownership
- it made land acquisition relatively easier for new entrant
into agriculture
3a)weathering can be defined as the breakdown of rock into
tiny
pieces to form soil
.
3b)
1. planting cover crops:cover crops help to provide
shade,prevent
erosion and add more nutrients to the soil.
2. application of compost manure:it help to blind the sand
particles
together and also add more nutrients to the soil.
3. application of farmyard manure:this will add nutrients and
also
improve the structure of the soil.
4. mulching the soil:mulching sandy soil prevent water loss
through evaporation and nutrient loss by water erosion.
3c)
1.it determines the level of fertility of the soil.
2.a good soil structure support aeration.
3.it also prevent erosion and wodertogging.
4.a good soil structure has a good water retaining capacity.
5.it also supports the growth of crops.
3d)
1.limestone-cacos
2.slakedlime-ca(OH)2 3.quicklime-cao
4.calcium bicabonate-ca(HCO3)2
5.gypsum-caso42H20
5a)
1.aphids
2.cohoonstriners
3.mealy bugs
5b)
- 1.maize-(1)dentmaize(2)flourcorn
- 2.citrus-(1)sweet orange(2)sour orange
- 3.yam-(1)droscoren rotundata-white yam(2)dioscorea alata-
water
yam
5ci)
* taungga system is the planting of both food crops and forest
trees
on the same piece of land
5ii)
- 1.the prohibition of bush burning
- 2.ban of indiscriminate culting of timbertrees
- 3.encouraging people to plant trees
6ai.
i. Mass selection: crop plant are selected or rejected on d
basis of their own performance or merit.
ii. Pure line selection: this type of selection in which only one
crop plant with good characteristics
6aii).
Dominant character: this is a trait or character that is
expressed in an offspring when two individuals with
contrasting characters or traits are crossed. Dominant genes
on the other hand are genes which control dominant
characters. For instance, in a very tall plant, there may be the
gene for shortness but the gene has no influence on the gene
for tallness.
6aiii.
i. Proper timing of plant
ii. Adoption of better cultivation methods
iii. Use of manures and fertilizers
iv. Control of pests of crops
v. Use of resistant varieties
vi. Use of good crop varieties.
6bi.Cassava mosaic disease
i.Causual Organism
virus.
ii.3 Symptoms
1. Stunted growth.
2. Vein clearing
3. Distortion of leaves and stems
iii.2 Preventive and control Measures
1. Uproot and burn infected plants
2. Farm sanitation
7ai) animal improvement is the
improvement in production efficiency by genetic means,
principally by selection and cross- breeding, to a less extent
by inbreeding, all facilitated by artificial insemination and
embryo transfer.
7aii)
Six Aims Of Animal Improvement
i. To produce animals that can give high yield or products in
form of
meat,egg,milk,etc.
ii. To produce animals that can provide high quality of
products such
as,low back-fat thickness,yolk size,shell hardness,etc.
iii. To produce animals with high feed conversion efficiency.
iv. To produce animals with high growth rate.
v. To produce animals with early maturity.
vi. To produce animals which can adapt to climaic
(enviromental) conditions.
7b.
Effects of feed shortages in animal production.
i. It leads to low birth weight
ii. It result in poor reproduction or late maturity
iii. Draft animals become weak and unable to work
iv. There is slow growth rate of livestock
v. It also leads to increased susceptibility to diseases
7c)
Conditions Neccesary For Siting a Fish Pond.
i. Vegetation of d area: low vegetation, especially grasslands
are
preffered. Woody suites are not suitable because clearing and
stumping
will greatly increase the cost of setting up the fish pond.
ii. Topography: the shape of the land should allow for easy
draining
and filling of pond with water.
iii. Soil structure: soil structure in the area must be fertile so
as
to supply nutrients to the fish. E.g. Clay soil
8ai)
disease can be defined as any forms of abnormality in the
functions of the tissues,organs of system of the animal body.
8aii)
1.heaalth status of the animal:animals with poor health stand
the
rist of getting infected with diseases faster than animals with
good
health
2.nutrition:animals which are poorly feed are easily infected
with
diseases than animals that are well feed with balanced diet
3.sanitation:-poor sanitation,including dirty environment
could
predispose animals to diseases
4.breeds of animals:poor breeds of animals are in position to
get
infected with disease than good breeds
5.unfavourable climate conditions:extremes of
temperature,winds,rainfall e.t.c do predispose farm animals to
diseases
8b)
1 animal are culled because of disease
2. failure to reproduce
3. undesirable breed type
4. animals may be culled because of age
5. inherited defects.
6. they may be culled because of death
8c)
1. it maximizes the used of land
2. it maximizes the used of labour
3. birds are protected from harsh weather condition.
9a)
1. Inadequate transportation system: lack of vehicles and bad
road
prevent easy transportation of food items from rural to urban
areas.
2. Small scale production: production is in s:all scale because
peasant farmers produce very little output
.3. Inadequate market infrastructure: infrastructure such as
electricity, pipe borne water, telephone e.t.c which can
promote good
marketing are inadequate
.4.Inadequate storage facilities: most produce are wasted due
to lack
of storage facilities.
9b)
1. planning finances and production to maintain farm
progress against
budget parameters
2. practical activities, e.g. driving tractors, operating
machinery,
feeding livestock, spraying fields, etc
3. marketing the farm’s products
4. buying supplies, such as fertiliser and seeds
5. arranging the maintenance and repair of farm buildings,
machinery
and equipment
6. planning activities for trainee staff, mentoring and
monitoring them
7. maintaining and monitoring the quality of yield, whether
livestock or crops
8. understanding the implications of the weather and making
contingency plans
9. making sure that products are ready for deadlines, such as
auctions
and markets.
10a)
Agricultural extension is a proccess whereby modern farming
techniques
and research findings are taken to the farmers through
extension
workers and,problems of the farmers are taken to research
institutions
for solution.
10b)
i. Innovators: innovators are farmers who introduce changes
or new
ideas of farming into a new area. Such ideas may reach the
innovators
through the extension agents,mass media,or they might have
seen it
done in another place.
ii. Early Adopters: Early adopters is the second group that
comes in
immediately after the innovators. Depending on a number of
factors as
discussed above,the percentage of early adopters may be be
high or
low.
iii. Late adopters: are the third group of farmers that can
accept new
ideas and techniques. In Most Cases,the number or
percentage of late
adopters is ussually very high.
10ci)
Importance Of Profit and loss account in Agricultural
Economics.
i. It helps to detect if the farm enterprise is making profits or
losses.
ii. It helps to determine the overall performance of the farm at
the
end of the accounting period.
iii. It aids future planning of the farm for better results.
10cii)
Five Sources Of Farm Finance.
i. Agricultural Bank
ii. Commercial Bank
iii.Thrift and saving society
iv. Money Lenders
v. Cooperative societies
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